A property of a material that changes the speed of light, computed as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light through the material. When light travels at an angle between two ...

Light bends when travelling through a concentration gradient of sugar in water. The top layer of liquid is pure water while the bottom layer is concentrated sugar water. In these layers, there is no ...

If the light rays are travelling from one medium to another they change their direction at the boundary between two mediums. When the light rays either bend or change their direction while passing ...

Among the various sensing modalities available for bioprocess operations, index of refraction (IoR) is intriguing for its simplicity and capability for sample-less, real-time readout. A group led by ...

Porous rubber microbeads suspended in a gel are found to exhibit a negative acoustic index of refraction, which makes these metamaterials promising for underwater acoustic applications. Figure 1: ...

The speed of light varies in materials, impacting fiber optics, laser systems, and semiconductor lithography through complex ...

Refraction is the change in direction of light when it passes from one medium to another. The working of a lens is based on the refraction of light when they pass through it. Lens is a transparent ...