Native SPICE elements that accurately replicate an op amp’s real-world behavior were nonexistent. A transconductance sourcing current from the rails and transitioning to a resistive state as the ...

Learn how to model with AI an operational amplifier precision half-wave rectifier, which can help overcome challenges ...

Editor’s note: My good friend and long-time colleague, Michael Steffes, expands upon my introduction article, Rauch filter basics, and adds some very useful and practical insights into the Rauch ...

Previous installments of this series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the output impedance and small-signal bandwidth of operational amplifier (op amp) models. In ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

As analog engineers, it’s tempting to fantasize about one day coming close to designing the ideal operational amplifier we encountered in college: infinite bandwidth, zero output resistance, and so on ...

Maybe you are familiar with the op-amp as an extremely versatile component, and you know how to quickly construct a huge variety of circuits with one. Maybe you even have a favorite op-amp or two for ...